夏季印度洋海盆模與MC區(qū)域降水異常聯(lián)系的進一步分析

doi:10.3969/2017jms.0025

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夏季印度洋海盆模與MC區(qū)域降水異常聯(lián)系的進一步分析
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                        10.3969/2017jms.0025
                    
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基金項目:國家自然科學基金資助項目（41330425；40475028）；江蘇省優(yōu)勢學科建設項目（PAPD）

A further look at the relationship between Indian Ocean Basin-wide Mode and the Maritime Continent precipitation anomalies during boreal summer

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利用英國哈德萊中心的逐月海表溫度資料及NCEP/NCAR月平均再分析資料等，通過在印度洋海盆模IOBM指數(shù)（I_IOB）中扣除長期趨勢和兩類ENSO的同期信號后，得到了修正的IOBM指數(shù)（I_mIOB），并由此分析了IOBM的變化及與海洋性大陸區(qū)域降水異常的聯(lián)系。結果表明：印度洋IOBM為暖位相時，不同季節(jié)的印度洋地區(qū)均呈現(xiàn)異常偏暖，但大氣是上升還是下沉運動則在印度洋不同季節(jié)和不同區(qū)域存在很大變化。就夏季而言，印度洋大部分地區(qū)存在上升運動，這與海溫異常偏暖有關。在北半球夏季，指數(shù)I_mIOB存在3~5 a的周期變化。當IOBM處于正位相時，印度洋至我國東海地區(qū)大范圍海溫偏暖。MC （Maritime Continent，海洋性大陸）區(qū)域西部降水正異常，而MC區(qū)域東北部降水為負異常。造成這種降水分布的原因是：當指數(shù)為正時，在MC區(qū)域的西部對流層低層輻合、高層輻散，上升運動增強，且水汽輻合，而MC區(qū)域的東北部對流層低層輻散、高層輻合，上升運動不明顯，水汽輻散，不易形成降水。而在對流層低層與西太平洋輻散中心對應，南北半球出現(xiàn)關于赤道對稱的反氣旋對，赤道印度洋上的異常加熱激發(fā)東傳的Kelvin波，加強東風異常，同時加強了KMC （海洋性大陸的核心區(qū)域）之外南北半球熱帶地區(qū)的這對Rossby波型。以上這些結果有利于深刻理解MC降水異常成因及熱帶海陸氣相互作用過程。

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By using the monthly mean Sea Surface temperature(SST) data from Hadley Centre and the NCEP/NCAR monthly reanalysis,and removing out the long term trend and simultaneous influences of two kinds of ENSO from the Indian Ocean Basin-wide Mode(IOBM) index I_IOB, the modified IOBM index as I_mIOB was defined and the variations of IOBM and its associated precipitation anomalies over the Maritime Continent(MC) were analyzed. Results demonstrate that,when IOBM in its warm phase,Indian Ocean region undergoes an anomalous warm state in different seasons.The vertical motion of atmosphere over Indian Ocean changes large from a season to another. During boreal summer,the atmospheric updraft in most areas of Indian Ocean is possibly induced by the warmer sea temperature anomalies.It is found that the IOBM index I_mIOB varies with periods of 3-5 years. When it is in its positive phase,SST in regions from the Indian Ocean to East China Sea is anomalously warmer. Precipitation in the western part of MC region is significantly more than the normal while it is less than the normal in the northeastern part of MC region. The anomalous convergence in the lower troposphere and anomalous divergence in the upper troposphere lead to both the strengthening upward motion and water vapor convergence there, inducing more than normal rainfall in the western part of MC. In the northeastern part of MC region,the anomalous divergence in the lower troposphere and anomalous convergence in the upper troposphere is observed, which do not facilitate occurrences of more precipitation there. In the lower troposphere, the divergent flows emanating from eastern part of MC and West Pacific induce a pair of anomalous anticyclones to merge in northern and southern tropics, which look almost symmetrical about the equator. The abnormal diabatic heating over equatorial Indian Ocean excites the eastward propagating Kelvin wave, strengthening easterly anomaly along equator. This strengthened easterly facilitates the intensification of Rossby waves in the north and south tropical regions outside the MC region. These results are helpful for our better understanding the formation of MC precipitation anomaly and tropical sea-land-atmosphere interactions.

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汪婉婷,管兆勇,許琪,王悅.夏季印度洋海盆模與MC區(qū)域降水異常聯(lián)系的進一步分析.氣象科學,2017,37(6):709-717 WANG Wanting, GUAN Zhaoyong, XU Qi, WANG Yue. A further look at the relationship between Indian Ocean Basin-wide Mode and the Maritime Continent precipitation anomalies during boreal summer. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2017,37(6):709-717

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收稿日期:2016-12-11
最后修改日期:2017-03-19
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-02-10
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