季風渦旋對臺風"煙花"路徑突變的影響

doi:10.12306/2022jms.0096

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季風渦旋對臺風"煙花"路徑突變的影響
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                        10.12306/2022jms.0096
                    
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中圖分類號:P458.124
基金項目:災害天氣國家重點實驗室開放課題(2021LASW-A14);2022年大學生創(chuàng)新訓練省級一般資助項目(202210300075Y)

Effects of monsoon gyre on sudden track changes of Typhoon "In-fa"

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摘要:

臺風"煙花"于2021年7月22日00時(世界時, 下同)在臺灣島東側突然向北轉向,但美國、日本和中國的業(yè)務預報均沒有正確預報出該過程?；贜CEP/NCAR提供的全球再分析資料(Final Operational Global Analysis, FNL),采用Lanczos濾波方法分析發(fā)現,臺風"煙花"轉向前的西行減速主要受到與季風渦旋有關的季節(jié)內尺度環(huán)境引導氣流分量的影響,向北轉向及轉向后的向北加速則主要受到季風渦旋和臺風相互作用導致的天氣尺度環(huán)境引導氣流分量的引導,主要和beta渦旋對旋轉、與季風渦旋的合并、以及加強的Rossby波能量頻散這3個重要過程有關。臺風"煙花"在緯向尺度約3 000 km的季節(jié)內尺度季風渦旋北部的偏東氣流西移過程中,與季風渦旋相互作用導致beta渦旋對氣旋性旋轉,通風流經歷東南風—東北風—西南風的轉變,使得"煙花"向西減速并逐漸向季風渦旋中心移動,并于7月22日00時與季風渦旋合并,加強了Rossby波能量頻散,使得"煙花"東南邊緣的天氣尺度西南風加強,為緩慢移動的"煙花"提供了向北的引導,"煙花"突然向北轉向。

Abstract:

Typhoon "In-fa" (2106) experienced a sudden northward turn toward the Taiwan Island at 0000 UTC on July 22, 2021, which was not predicted in all operational forecasts. By using FNL wind field data and the Lanczos filtering method, this paper found that the westward deceleration of Typhoon "In-fa" before the deflection was mainly affected by the intraseasonal component of environmental steering flows associated with the monsoon gyre, while the sudden northward turn and the subsequent northward acceleration were mainly attributed to the synoptic-scale component of environmental steering flows associated with the interaction between the monsoon gyre and the typhoon. These changes in multi-timescale steering flows were primarily caused by three important processes: the rotation of beta gyres, the coalescence process and the enhanced Rossby wave energy dispersion. Typhoon "In-fa" initially moved westward in the easterlies in the northern periphery of a monsoon gyre on the intraseasonal timescale with a zonal scale of about 3 000 km. The interaction between the typhoon and the monsoon gyre led to the cyclonic rotation of beta gyres. Thus, the ventilation flows between beta gyres correspondingly converted from the southeasterlies to the northeasterlies to the southwesterlies, which made the westward "In-fa" slow down and gradually move into the interior of the monsoon gyre. Eventually, "In-fa" coalesced with the monsoon gyre at 0000 UTC on July 22. The synoptic-scale southwesterlies in the southeastern periphery of "In-fa" were strengthened due to the enhanced Rossby wave energy dispersion caused by this coalescence process, which provided northward guidance for the slow-moving "In-fa". Therefore, Typhoon "In-fa" turned abruptly northward.

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梁佳,黎詩瑜.季風渦旋對臺風"煙花"路徑突變的影響.氣象科學,2024,44(3):527-535 LIANG Jia, LI Shiyu. Effects of monsoon gyre on sudden track changes of Typhoon "In-fa". Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2024,44(3):527-535

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收稿日期:2022-07-05
最后修改日期:2022-12-06
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-07-16
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